Today’s blog entry is a published decision from the Third Circuit, Montanez v. Price, here decided on October 8, 2025 (which was my birthday). It discusses a series of issues, including: the Eighth Amendment; what is a program, service, and/or activity; and nondelegable duty. More specifically, the blog entry is divided into the following categories
Unions Can’t Hide Behind the Duty of Fair Representation When it Comes to ADA and Title VII Compliance
Before getting started on the blog entry of the week, a housekeeping matter in order. I will be out of the office August 30-September 12, so this will be my last blog entry until the week of September 15.
This week’s blog entry raises the question of whether unions can hide behind the duty…
Surprise Surprise: Service Dogs in Training Are Covered by the ADA

I hope everyone is surviving their March madness pool, if you are participating in one. So far, I am doing okay in the pools I am in. Best of luck to everyone.
Today’s blog entry explores what role does the ADA play with respect to…
Direct Liability for a Title II Entity Delegating Their ADA Responsibilities Redux
Before proceeding with today’s blog entry, I want to wish everyone celebrating a happy new year. I realize that my blog entry is late this week, but I have a good reason for it. We got back from parents weekend last Sunday, then had to deal with Helene damage, which fortunately was not anything that…
Is There a Remedy When a State Court Judge Discriminates Against an Individual by Reason of Their Disability
At least once a month, I get a phone call where a judge is treating a person with a disability in their courtroom in a hostile way. The person always wants to know what can be done about it and whether judges are allowed to do that. I have talked before going after the judiciary…
ADA and §504 Claims in Excessive Force Cases
Today’s blog entry is Short v. City of Rochester, which can be found here. In this case, a young black man with mental illness was killed by the police. His family sues for violation of the ADA, the Rehabilitation Act, and under §1983. The City of Rochester moved to dismiss all claims. For the…
EEOC Latest Update on What You Should No About Covid-19 and the ADA, the Rehabilitation Act, and Other EEO laws
With Thanksgiving week coming up and my wife and daughter coming back from a college trip later today, I thought I would get a blog entry up this weekend for the Thanksgiving week.
It has been a while since we talked about EEOC guidance on Covid-19. In fact, since our last discussion, the EEOC has
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EEOC’s Latest Guidance on Covid-19
Hope everyone had a great Memorial Day holiday weekend. Today’s blog entry talks about the latest update from the EEOC with respect to Covid-19. All the labor and employment law bloggers are blogging on it, so I decided to blog on it as well and offer my own perspective. As with previous blog entries of…
Continuing Legal Education of Interest: Intersectionality of ADA, ADA, ACAA, State Negligence Laws plus Animals on Planes


Please find below, a continuing legal education webinar that I am doing in the first week of May. It has two parts to it. The first part will be discussing the intersection of the Airline deregulation act, the air Carrier Access act, the ADA, and state negligence…
Vicarious Exhaustion, §504 statute of limitations, Failure to Accommodate, Otherwise Qualified, and Reassignment all Wrapped up Together in One Case
Today’s blog entry deals with a topic I have not dealt with before and with topics that I have dealt with before. The topic that I have not dealt with before in my eight years of blogging on the Understanding the ADA is the concept of vicarious exhaustion. There are topics that I have dealt…